Classification (APG IV)
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Papaveraceae
Genus: Corydalis
Species: Fumewort - Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv.

Botanical Description
Fumewort (Corydalis solida) is a perennial, dioecious herbaceous plant belonging to the poppy family and the genus Corydalis. Its flower stalk reaches a height of 7–30 cm. The leaves are triply divided and grayish-green. The bracts at the base of the flowers are usually deeply divided. A flower cluster with 10–20 flowers is located at the top of the stalk. The petals are pinkish-violet to purple. The corolla has a spur, measuring 1.5–2 cm in length.

The plant begins blooming early in spring, at the end of April. Its flowering period is short, and by the end of May, flowers are no longer visible. Individual plants may bloom for only a few days. The fruit stalks are approximately the same length as the fruit itself and quickly fall off. By summer, the plant withers. Underground, the plant has a tuber about the size of a cherry, which stores nutrients, enabling it to sprout early. Cultivated varieties of fumewort are grown as ornamental plants in gardens. [1]

Distribution
Its natural distribution spans the northern parts of Europe and Asia. Hollowroot prefers shaded habitats. [1]

Effects and Useage
Fumewort has been used internally as a sedative for insomnia, as a stimulant, and as a pain reliever, particularly for painful menstruation, traumatic injuries, and lumbar pain. It is also used to lower blood pressure. Research indicates that it has effects on the thyroid gland and the adrenal cortex. [2]

References
1. Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv. Published on the Internet; http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000622894. Accessed on: 04 Jan 2024
2. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. 1995 ISBN 0-7513-020-31. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Corydalis+solida

Süstemaatiline kuuluvus (APG IV)
Riik: Taimed (Plantae)
Klaad: Soontaimed (Tracheophyta)
Klaad: Katteseemnetaimed (Angiospermae)
Klaad: Päriskaheidulehelised (Eudicotyledonae)
Selts: Tulikalaadsed (Ranunculales)
Sugukond: Magunalised (Papaveraceae)
Perekond: Lõokannus (Corydalis)
Liik: Harilik lõokannus - Corydalis solida L.

Botaaniline kirjeldus
Harilik lõokannus on mitmeaastane kahekojaline rohttaim magunaliste sugukonnast, perekonnast lõokannus. Õievarre kõrgus 7-30 cm. Lehed kahelikolmetised, hallikasrohelised. Kandelehed õite alusel enamasti sügavalt lõhestunud. 10-20 õiega õiekobar paikneb varre tipus. Kroonlehed on roosakasvioletsed kuni lillad.  Kroon kannusega, 1,5–2 cm pikk. Hakkab õitsema juba varakevadel, aprilli lõpus. Õitseb lühikest aega: maikuu lõpus enam õisi ei näe. Üksikud taimed võivad aga õitseda ainult mõned päevad. Viljaraod enam-vähem vilja pikkused, pudenevad kiiresti. Taim koltub suveks. Maa all on taimel umbes kirsisuurune mugul, milles olevate toiteainete varal saab ta varakult kasvama hakata. Hariliku lõokannuse sorte kasvatatakse aedades dekoratiivtaimena.  [1] 

Leviala
Looduslik levila on Euroopa ja Aasia põhjapoolsemad osad. Eelistab varjulist kasvupaika.  [1] 

Toime ja kasutamine
Lõokannust on kasutatud seespidiselt rahustina unetuse korral ning stimulandina ja valuvaigistina, eriti valuliku menstruatsiooni, traumaatilise vigastuse ja nimmevalu puhul. Samuti kasutatakse seda vererõhu alandamiseks. Uuringud viitavad, et sellel on toime ka kilpnäärele ja neerupealise koorele. [2] 

Kasutatud allikad
1. Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv. Published on the Internet;http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000622894. Accessed on: 04 Jan 2024
2. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. 1995 ISBN 0-7513-020-31. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Corydalis+solida